Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Zika virus prevention and related factors among women aged 18-40 years in Phuoc Hoa Ward, Nha Trang City, Khanh Hoa Province, in 2017

Objectives: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Zika virus prevention and related factors among women aged 18-40 years in Phuoc Hoa Ward, Nha Trang City.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Study site and duration: Phuoc Hoa Ward, Nha Trang City, Khanh Hoa Province, from November 2016 to June 2017. Study participants: Women of reproductive age group (from 18 to 40 years of age) living in Phuoc Hoa Ward.

Results: The proportion of respondents with appropriate knowledge was 55.7%, of which 84% knew that Zika is transmitted by mosquito bite and 21.3% knew that sexual intercourse is a Zika virus transmission route. 11% of respondents knew the risk of microcephaly (baby born with a small head) due to infection with Zika virus during pregnancy. The proportion of respondents with positive attitude was 41%, of whom 90.8% were ready to have regular antenatal care. 62.8% of respondents did not have stigmatization of children with small head syndrome and 26.7% of them did not have a clear attitude. The proportion of respondents with good general practices was 45%, of whom 67.5% practised good preventive measures to prevent mosquito bite; 10.5% of them used condom when having sex. The study found correlations between knowledge and practice (p <0.001) and between attitude and practice (p <0.001) of Zika prevention with OR = 6 and OR= 2.43, respectively. 

Conclusion and recommendations: The study showed that the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Zika prevention were not so good, especially the practices of preventing the transmission of Zika virus through sexual intercourses and mother-to-child transmission. Local authorities and health services need to intensify communication on Zika virus, emphasizing the prevention of the transmission of Zika virus through sexual intercourse and mother- to-child transmission.
 

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